Sometimes, if we are lucky enough to get a job Essay Example

Some of the time, in the event that we are sufficiently fortunate to find a new line of work Paper Satisfaction of our needs, wants, and objectives in life involve that we become utilized and get checks. Once in a while, on the off chance that we are sufficiently fortunate to find a new line of work that we need, we experience less pressure. As it follows that despite the fact that the picked work is dreary, the catch is that we are doing what we like. Lamentably, for dominant part of us, the activity that we incline toward we don't as a rule wind up getting.  When we work, we are molding ourselves truly and sincerely for the undertakings ahead. The heap of our work has inclinations to get heavier as the day advances, and we wind up getting worried by the expanding outstanding task at hand and our diminishing vitality. Worry, as characterized by Panzarino, are powers from the outside world influencing the individual (Panzarino, 2008). This condition is a typical medical issue that is being experienced by 80% Americans with their occupations, as per the American Institute of Stress. We will compose a custom article test on Sometimes, in the event that we are sufficiently fortunate to find a new line of work explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom paper test on Sometimes, on the off chance that we are sufficiently fortunate to find a new line of work explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom article test on Sometimes, in the event that we are sufficiently fortunate to find a new line of work explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer It’s consequences for the representatives go from physical manifestations like rest aggravations, cerebral pain, and weakness, to passionate indications like apprehension, nervousness, and gorging (Panzarino, 2008). These physical and enthusiastic side effects can turn into a block to our activity execution. Luckily, there are simple ways on the best way to defeat pressure. Stress the executives incorporates normal exercise, reflection, destruction of medication use, moderate liquor use, and joining of a daily schedule inside our family and work space (Panzarino, 2008). These are basic and simple advances, however on the off chance that we esteem our wellbeing and would not need worry to turn into a restriction or medical issue in our work we can pick to do these. Our professions may not be the ones that we have longed for when we were as yet youthful, however they assist us with developing and become adult from numerous points of view. Our occupations additionally give us the money related requirements important to keep us agreeable in our day by day living. Stress is one of the numerous work issues experienced. Like pressure, a large portion of these issues have arrangements, and amending it is absolutely up to us. References: American Institute of Stress. (2000). Occupation Stress. Recovered September 4, 2008, from http://www.stress.org/job.htm Panzarino, P. (2008). Stress. Recovered September 4, 2008, from http://www.medicinenet.com/stress/article.htm

Case Study - Strategic Leadership Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

- Strategic Leadership - Case Study Example The Japanese makers of DRAMS had a procedure of putting resources into assembling which gave them an assembling cost advantage contrasted with Intel. Japanese contenders were a lot quicker in creating process advancements and improving yields when contrasted with Intel and this fundamentally added to its sensational decrease in piece of the pie in the DRAM advertise during the period referenced previously. As an official driving a DRAMS maker somewhere in the range of 1974 and 1984, I would surely make certain strides as going to be sketched out beneath because of the changing patterns in the business. Above all else, I would set out on a drive to join both memory limit and single force highlight as one element of the DRAM. The crisis of the Japanese contenders proclaimed another pattern whereby their DRAMS had a bigger memory limit contrasted with Intel which gave them an upper hand over Intel. Nonetheless, Intel had a one of a kind single force include which couldn't be found on it ems created by different contenders. Against this foundation, I would endeavor to join these two highlights into one part in order to speak to numerous clients. This would make the DRAMs made by the organization I would head progressively one of a kind contrasted with the others created by the Japanese contenders. ... As a matter of first importance, I would set out on statistical surveying in order to be better situated to remain side by side with all the progressions occurring in the market. Without a doubt, the earth where business works is dynamic and is liable to change subsequently I will organize statistical surveying in order to remain ahead and better situated to know the changing tastes of the clients. Through leading statistical surveying, I will be better situated to foresee the necessities of the clients henceforth oversee item advancement with full information on what will speak to the clients from various market portions. I will likewise set out on a drive to enhance creation while simultaneously holding uniqueness of the items advertised. I would try to increase a cost advantage through conceiving methods for creation that will bring down the creation costs. Bringing down the creation cost will enormously help in expanding the income produced for the association as this will involv e that less cash will go towards creation costs. I will likewise underscore on keeping up of uniqueness of the items offered in order to engage a wide number of clients. This will empower me to lead the association to be an ease maker with high worth alternative. 4. I would seek after marking procedure in DRAMs for various promoting purposes. Fundamentally, marking is essentially worried about formation of a personality of the item that will recognize it from different items offered in the market. In DRAMs, this system will give an upper hand given that there are numerous players in the business and as noted over, the opposition is solid. A brand procedure that is

Heliophobia or Fear of Sunlight

Heliophobia or Fear of Sunlight Phobias Types Print What Is Heliophobia? Why Some People Fear the Sun By Lisa Fritscher Lisa Fritscher is a freelance writer and editor with a deep interest in phobias and other mental health topics. Learn about our editorial policy Lisa Fritscher Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on August 05, 2016 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on October 10, 2019 JGI / Jamie Grill / Getty Images More in Phobias Types Causes Symptoms and Diagnosis Treatment It sounds like the plot of a vampire novelâ€"an otherwise healthy, well-adjusted person begins to live a life shrouded in darkness. She works nights and sleeps all day behind blackout curtains. If she must leave the house during the day, she slathers on a thick layer of sunscreen and hides behind dark glasses. Yet for those with heliophobia, or fear of sunlight, this may be a reality. Fear of Skin Cancer In some cases, heliophobia is actually a type of health anxiety. Skin cancer is a very real risk from overexposure to the sun. In recent years, it has been heavily covered in the media. People suffering from hypochondriasis or nosophobia may develop symptoms of heliophobia, believing that minimizing their exposure to the sun will minimize their chances of developing skin cancer. Likewise, those who have been treated for skin cancer, or know someone who has, may be at increased risk for heliophobia. Fear of Sun Damage There is a great push in society today to minimize the effects of aging. Sun damage is a known cause of premature aging, which can lead people to avoid the sun. Those who suffer from body image issues may be more likely to take this natural concern to an unhealthy extreme. Medical Sun Sensitivity Photodermatitis is an abnormal physical reaction to UV rays. The condition causes skin irritation, scaly or bumpy rash, pain, dark patches and even fever with chills. It is sometimes triggered by medications or exposure to certain plants, but may also occur on its own. Porphyria is the medical term for a group of related inheritable disorders. These exceptionally rare diseases can cause a long list of symptoms, including muscle paralysis and mental illness. Additionally, porphyria often causes severe photodermatitis that leads to almost instant skin blistering when exposed to the sun. These blisters are deep and quite painful  and may take weeks to heal. Iron deficiency is common in some types of porphyria. Vlad the Impaler, on whom the character of Dracula was based, may have suffered from iron-deficient porphyria. Medical sun sensitivity is not considered a phobia. However, some people with sun sensitivity are afraid to expose themselves to the sun at all, even under a doctors recommendations. If you are sun sensitive, work closely with your physician to determine safe levels and methods of sun exposure. Heliophobia and Lifestyle Choices Some people simply prefer to sleep during the day and perform the activities of daily living at night. In todays culture of 24-hour restaurants, shops, and entertainment options, it is easy to accommodate any natural bodily rhythms. This lifestyle is often associated with those who self-identify as Goths, but people from all walks of life prefer a nighttime schedule. Most people who work and play at night have no actual fear of the sun and, therefore, do not suffer from heliophobia. Over time, however, it is possible to develop sun avoidance. If you find yourself unable to cope during the day when necessary, you might have developed a bit of heliophobia. Complications of Heliophobia Most of the time, heliophobia is mild and causes few problems in daily life. Working nights, slathering on sunscreen, and installing blackout curtains are minor fixes that generally take care of the issue. More severe cases of heliophobia, however, could cause problems. If you have a job that requires you to spend time outside during the day, heliophobia could limit your success at work. Likewise, children and teens may be at higher risk for complications since they are required to be at school during designated daytime hours. Even if they are homeschooled, kids with heliophobia may be at risk for social isolation and depression due to their inability to spend time with peers. Both children and adults may be ostracized for their strange habits or even accused of participating in odd religious cults. Treating Heliophobia Like most phobias, heliophobia can be treated in a variety of ways. Your mental health professional will work with you to develop a treatment plan that might include cognitive-behavioral methods, hypnotherapy, or other techniques. If your heliophobia is caused by a medical sensitivity to the sun, your therapist will work in tandem with your physician to simultaneously treat both the physical condition and your anxiety.

Why Chinas Cyber Espionage Is A Threat - 1822 Words

Why China’s Cyber Espionage is a Threat Cyber espionage is the act of attempting to penetrate an adversarial system for the purposes of extracting sensitive or protected data of either social or technical in nature. They are illicit activities that range from the commercial and economic to the political and strategic. They include small nuisance attacks to matters of high magnitude and importance like the national security and intelligence (Cornish 2012). Chinese cyber espionage has continued to escalate in recent years; it has continued to gain attention in many institutions including the media, the technology and information services industries, in scientific research and innovations, and as well as the general public. All these institutions are aware that china is taking part in the systematic development of cyber techniques that they intentionally use to invade international organizations, national governments, commercial companies, universities, and research institutes (Cornish, 2012). There are several reasons as to why these practices despite being globally unacceptable continue to grow and particularly in China. Firstly, China is seen to be in a battle with the West, so this could be used as a preparation for these battles. Secondly, china does this to steal or copy the latest in the fields of research, innovations and technology areas that are very costly, it does this in order to achieve parity with the west. Thirdly, China is involved in cyber-crimes to acquireShow MoreRelatedCyber Espionage In China Essay767 Words   |  4 Pagesbreaches into U.S. government systems, U.S. investigators and lawmakers are convinced of China’s role in multiple hacking efforts. The inability to identify the actual source of the data breaches continues to frustrate politicians; but more importantly, it raises concerns about the vulnerability of these systems as well as call into question as to why these agencies were specifically targeted for cyber espionage. On July 9, 2013, Larry Wortzel, a member of the U.S.-China Economic and Security ReviewRead MoreBarry J. Delisle s The Globalization Era2838 Words   |  12 Pagesof global integration dramatically increased since the introduction of the Internet. With the world connected, cyber actors represent a very real and often underestimated threat to the United States’ ability to defend national security, protect industrial innovation, and secure privacy information. As a result of globalization, the foreign cyber actors represent the most imminent threat to national security, corporate innovation, and citizen privacy rights. The first age of globalization took placeRead MoreCyber Warfare And Its Effects On The World1683 Words   |  7 Pagesnecessarily the case with bellicose actions in the cyber dimension—at least not at first look. Senior leaders as a whole have largely ignored cyber warfare’s catastrophic potential due to the initial invisible physical effects and huge costs associated with protecting our systems and information. As our reliance on technology grows as exponentially as the technology improves, more people are finally showing an awareness of the â€Å"silent boom’s† threat and its actual fracturing potential, in part dueRead MoreChina s Cyber Attacks Against Us Military2251 Words   |  10 PagesBrandon Pragosa Threat Assessment Dr. Urban 6 June 2015 China’s Cyber Attacks Against US Military Associated Private Firms Introduction: Based on current sources available, we have medium confidence that China will continue to conduct cyber espionage against United States defenses and military systems. It is not a new development as China’s People’s Liberation Army (PLA) cyber team has been behind many attacks against US defense firms and military systems as early as 2007. The KIQ for thisRead MoreWhy China Won t Overtake The United States Authored By Stephen G. Brooks1697 Words   |  7 Pages1. Introduction The article titled Why China Won’t Overtake the United States authored by Stephen G. Brooks and William C. Wohlforth brings up many valid points and statistical data to support the thesis of the piece however, it is mainly presented from a liberal idealist point of view. While I agree with, ‘as the saying goes’, great power comes great responsibility, I do not agree with the articles premise or false assumption that a provisional â€Å"technological gap† or lack of Nobel Prizes and scientificRead MoreThe Role Of Offensive Cyber Operations On Chinese Military Strategy1849 Words   |  8 PagesDraft Research Paper Matthew Marchant Professor Roehrig TSDM – Security Strategies September 23, 2016 The Role and Implications of Offensive Cyber Operations in Chinese Military Strategy Contemporary news media feature regular reports of the interconnectedness of modern economies, societies, and militaries, highlighting the associated benefits and vulnerabilities of a networked commons. While Chinese businessmen, like those of other nations, have capitalized on technological advancements to makeRead MoreA Common International Business Discussion1880 Words   |  8 Pagesthe combination of industry leverage and sheer number in population gives China a global advantage that they can exploit at will, a card they are sitting on, waiting to play. To help explore this concept, I will focus on China’s tech industry. We will examine some of China’s behemoth corporations in this market segment and compare them to their equivalents in the United States. Chinese corporations are subject to government oversight and many are restricted to the size of their economies due toRead MoreSci Damath Andoroid Game9675 Words   |  39 Pagesanticipate, detect and resol ve programming applications and communicator’s errors. This consists of the routines in programs that respond to such errors. Security. This refers as one of the indicators of the software performance which focus on external threats such as unauthorized access, stealing, modifying and deleting sensitive data. Software Usability. This refers as one of the indicators of the software performance which focus on the functionality of the system. It is a measure used to know if theRead MoreThe Growing Problem of White Collar Crimes in India19963 Words   |  80 PagesCrime prevalent in India and all over the world but cannot be considered comprehensive. Bank Fraud--To engage in an act or pattern of activity where the purpose is to defraud a bank of funds, Blackmail--A demand for money or other consideration under threat to do bodily harm, to injure property, to accuse of a crime, or to expose secrets, Bribery--When money, goods, services, information or anything else of value is offered with intent to influence the actions, opinions, or decisions of the taker, Cellular

Ray Bradbury s Fahrenheit 451 - 1110 Words

The new 2015 generation is growing up in a technology based culture. More books are being read online, music on phones or ipods, there is even online school. Technology is helping to advance our society and bring us to a new chapter in our nation. In Fahrenheit 451, Ray Bradbury shows how the power and advancement of technology is changing the people of the world by controlling them. Bradbury uses Mildred to show how the advancement of technology is changing the world for the worse and is controlling the people. When people talk about their family they usually mean blood related or through marriage but, when Mildred talks about her ‘family’ she is referring to her TVs. â€Å"Now, ‘said Mildred’, my ‘family’ is people. They tell me things; I laugh, they laugh! And the colours!†(69). Mildred is explaining to Montag that her ‘family’ are real people and is her family. When Montag is explaining to Mildred how important books are she jumps at the first piece of technology and does not listen to Montag. â€Å"...Millie don t you see? An hour, a day, two hours, with these books and maybe†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢the telephone rang. Mildred snatched the phone. ‘Ann!’ She laughed. ‘Yes, the white clowns on tonight!†(70). Mildred thinks Montag is making a useless argument and does care about books. S he would rather talk on the phone. â€Å"...when the front door cried in the hall and Mildred ran from the parlor...Mrs.Phelps and Mrs.Bowles came through the front door and vanished into the volcano s mouth†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢Montag†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢Show MoreRelatedRay Bradbury s Fahrenheit 4511721 Words   |  7 Pagesliterature slowly disappear from the minds of the population? This is the question that Ray Bradbury’s novel, Fahrenheit 451, attempts to answer. In this book, he describes a hypothetical world in which the population not only avoids reading, but has made owning books an unthinkable crime, with all books discovered burned, along with the houses of those who hoarded them. In this dystopian future created by Bradbury, the beauty that is literature has been replaced in society by television programs andRead MoreRay Bradbury s Fahrenheit 4511358 Words   |  6 Pagesnotice them, books were outlawed, knowledge was forbidden, and memories were hard to come by? In the 1 950 novel Fahrenheit 451, author Ray Bradbury presents a society which invokes much thought about the way we live in society today. It’s a story about a lifestyle in the future that has evolved from our present, but in seemingly different worlds. Through the protagonist, Guy Montag, Bradbury makes a wider point about the dangers that a society can present. The government of this future forbids itsRead MoreRay Bradbury s Fahrenheit 4511360 Words   |  6 Pages Ray Bradbury and his Fahrenheit 451 Future Technology has had many great contributions, but is it destroying America as author Ray Bradbury foreseen back in the 1950’s. The intent of this paper is to explain how Fahrenheit 451, which was written over 65 years ago, has begun to come true in some aspects of American society today. The intended audience for this paper is fellow students who have not read this novel, and the professor. Ray Bradbury’s role in Fahrenheit 451 is to help readers understandRead MoreRay Bradbury s Fahrenheit 4511120 Words   |  5 Pagesindividuality suppression, and the ever-growing gap between upper and lower class. The United States is heading down the path of becoming a dystopian society. Citizens in the United States have the same general behavior as those in Ray Bradbury’s novel, Fahrenheit 451. This novel features a world where cars are fast, music is loud, and watching television is the main way to spend free time. People rarely make time for each other, rarely imagine and form their own opinions, and rarely take the timeRead MoreRay Bradbury s Fahrenheit 4512532 Words   |  11 PagesRay Bradbury’s Fahrenheit 451 is a magnificent masterpiece written to aid in visualizing what a distant future dystopian society would look like; one in which everyone lives in the fast lane, technology is at its crowning, void of human relations and instant satisfactions, as well as gratifications, are constantly being pursued. The novel was written during the era where communism and the holocaust began to sprout. Mr. Bradbury, being a patriot of his country, feared that society was leaning towardRead MoreRay Bradbury s Fahrenheit 451976 Words   |  4 PagesGuy Mont age from Ray Bradbury’s novel Fahrenheit 451 would be similar to life without a choice. Bradbury’s novel Fahrenheit 451 demonstrates how excessive use of technology affects a person’s relationship. Montage is the protagonist of the novel who is a fireman. Montage lives in a world where his job is to burn books, and initiate a fire. The government is trying to outlaw the use of books in the city. Bradbury portrays this new world through the character of Montage. Bradbury describes Montage’sRead MoreRay Bradbury s Fahrenheit 4512451 Words   |  10 PagesRay Bradbury’s Fahrenheit 451, is a prime example of social criticism. The story sets in the 24th century where people race jet cars; the author’s idea of the future. It shows a flawed social structure, controlled by the media and government with banning and burning of books, and suppressing society’s minds from history. Their logical thought was that it would keep society from thinki ng too much, which in turn would prevent bad thoughts, and to keep them â€Å"happy all the time†. The book tells a storyRead MoreRay Bradbury s Fahrenheit 4511410 Words   |  6 PagesRay Bradbury’s Fahrenheit 451, published in 1953 by Ballantine Books, rose to fame quickly and surely as a grandfather of the dystopian genre. A year after its release, Greg Conklin of Galaxy Science Fiction named the novel, â€Å"among the great works of the imagination written in English in the last decade or more† (Conklin). The Chicago Sunday Tribune s August Derleth called it a shockingly savage prophetic view of one possible future way of life, while honoring Bradbury in sight of his brilliantRead MoreRay Bradbury s Fahrenheit 4512323 Words   |  10 Pagesnot accepted, or even worse, a detached society where emotions no longer exist. By reading the first few pages of Fahrenheit 451, readers immediately get the feeling of a dystopian society. Firemen creating fires, instea d of extinguishing them, and technology that has taken their society to a whole new level of entertainment. These are exaggerated ideas right off the bat, yet Ray Bradbury carries the readers through the story in order to show them his own outlook on the future- in fact, all dystopianRead MoreRay Bradbury s Fahrenheit 4512071 Words   |  9 Pageslives? In the book Fahrenheit 451, Ray Bradbury depicts a society that is immersed in technology, which becomes an obsession for most of its people. Bradbury also describes the negative effects that come with this technology, especially losing essential human traits like communication and common sense. Finally, Bradbury sends the message that technology is so powerful that it not only controls certain people, but an entire society as well. In the book Fahrenheit 451, Ray Bradbury describes the dangers

Differences of Freud and Erikson’s Stages Free Essays

string(120) " a women who was experienced sexual abuse at her childhood but she forgot this bad event because of trauma and anxiety\." There are different ways of identifying developmental process of human. Because of the fact that human being has really complex component, we cannot use one way to divide process or examine their nature. Here are two big famous scientists who are Eric Erickson and Sigmund Freud will show us developmental stages of human from different point of views but also they have common point of view in different types. We will write a custom essay sample on Differences of Freud and Erikson’s Stages or any similar topic only for you Order Now Freud’s Psychosexual Stages Oral Stage (Birth to 18 months): During the oral stage, the child if focused on oral pleasures (sucking).Too much or too little gratification can result in an Oral Fixation or Oral Personality which is evidenced by a preoccupation with oral activities. Personality wise, these individuals may become overly dependent upon others, gullible, and perpetual followers. . Personality wise, these individuals may become overly dependent upon others, gullible, and perpetual followers. Example: I can give my cousin’s child as an example; after he born, first 12 months, his only need is to be feed by his mother and when he feeds, he looks like enjoying and taking pleasure because of doing that.Anal Stage (18 months to three years). The child’s focus of pleasure in this stage is on eliminating and retaining feces. Through society’s pressure, mainly via parents, the child has to learn to control anal stimulation. In terms of personality, after effects of an anal fixation during this stage can result in an obsession with cleanliness, perfection, and control (anal retentive). Example: after fist and half year; I realized that my cousin’s children starts to hold my hand, or when I give him a toy which he is not interested, he drop it or when he wants to be cared, he holds my hand.Phallic Stage (ages three to six). The pleasure zone switches to the genitals. Freud believed that during this stage boy develop unconscious sexual desires for their mother. Because of this, he becomes rivals with his father and sees him as competition for the mother’s affection. It was added that girls go through a similar situation, developing unconscious sexual attraction to their father. Although Freud Strongly disagreed with this, it has been termed the Electra complex by more recent psychoanalysts. According to Freud, out of fear of castration and due to the strong competition of his father, boys eventually decide to identify with him rather than fight him. By identifying with his father, the boy develops masculine characteristics and identifies himself as a male, and represses his sexual feelings toward his mother. Example: My neighbor’s daughter became extremely jealous to her father. Especially one day, we were going a part all together and her mother put on a golden earrings. His father said to her mother:†it is looking wonderful†.Her daughter started to cry and said that† you became more wonderful than me† and she forced her mother to put off them. It was really clear example for me. Latency Stage (age six to puberty): It’s during this stage that sexual urges remain repressed and children interact and play mostly with same sex peers. Example: At this stage; children starts to preschool or kind of schools and they starts to play with their peer instead of playing family, and an interaction starts to be happen. Genital Stage (puberty on).The final stage of psychosexual development begins at the start of puberty when sexual urges are once again awakened. Through the lessons learned during the previous stages, adolescents direct their sexual urges onto opposite sex peers; with the primary focus of pleasure is the genital. Example: When my cousin was 7 years old, she started to spend much more time in front of mirror; also she used to play with her other’s make-up staff and had a big interest for his father. Ego Defense MechanismsDenial: When people are overwhelmed by the anxiety present within a situation, they can engage an even more severe form of me mory repression. It can be said that arguing against an anxiety provoking stimuli by stating it doesn’t exist. Example: In the one movie I watched, it was a movie related to war, a mother receives word that her Son has been killed, and yet refuses to believe it, still setting the table for him, keeping his room and clothes current. Projection: In projection, anxiety is reduced by claiming another person actually has the unpleasant thoughts that you are thinking.You are attributing your own repressed thoughts to someone else. Example: When I was 17 years old, my mother and father always told me that I should behave kindly everyone and this idea was embedded to my mind but there was a girl and I really did not like her and my defense mechanism allow me to think non-anxiety provoking thought that â€Å"This person does not like me â€Å". Rationalization: This is a post-hoc (after the fact) defense mechanism. Rationalization allows finding logical reasons for inexcusable actions. Example: When people cheating on taxes, they think that it is better to keep this money for myself because I am sure that government will spend this money for army or some of high-level administrator will steal this money from government. Regression: Because of partial fixations in any of the psychosexual stages of development, regression can occur when an individual is faced with high levels of stress in their life. Regression is the giving up of mature problem solving methods in favor of child like approaches to fixing problems.Example: When I was so stressed because of exams, I had a bad news from home, after that I went to corner and started to cry like a child and eat so much chocolate. This was the way of my problem solving. Repression: The most basic defense mechanism. Sometimes referred to as: defensiveness. Repression can be conscious but is most commonly unconscious. Repression does not have to be total, partial memories where only the single piece of damaging information is â€Å"forgotten† is common.Example: In a movie I watch, there was a women who was experienced sexual abuse at her childhood but she forgot this bad event because of trauma and anxiety. You read "Differences of Freud and Erikson’s Stages" in category "Papers" Displacement: Displacement is the shifting of intended targets, especially when the initial target is threatening. It means that taking out impulses on a less threatening target. Example: when a person has argue with his boss, he cannot yell or say bad words or shut the door to front of his boss, because he can lose his job and he was threat for him, instead of that, when he came to home, he slams the door and yells to his wife.Erikson’s Psychosocial Stages Infant (Trust vs. Mistrust); Children needs maximum comfort with minimal uncertainty to trust himself/ herself, others, and the environment. When the parents present consistent, adequate, and nurturing care, the child develops basic trust and realizes that people are dependable and the world can be a safe place Example: When mother leaves his children in the room alone, he starts to cry because he can’t feel safe without her. The safety feeling occurs because of his mother. Early Childhood (Autonomy vs.Shame ;amp; Doubt): Children works to master physical environment while maintaining self-esteem. If parents guide children gradually and firmly, praise and accept attempts to be independent, autonomy develops. The result will be a sense of will which helps us accomplish and build self-esteem as children and adults If parents are too permissive, harsh, or demanding, the child can feel defeated, and experience extreme shame and doubt, and grow up to engage in neurotic attempts to regain feelings o f control, power, and competency. Example: When my nephew 2. years old, she has already started to learn toilet training. There was a special corner in the house and she always did her toilet need there. After that, her mom started to warn her not to do it and force her to use bathroom. Then I realized that when she does her toilet needs at the corner without noticed by anyone, she show little shame to her mom because she knows that she should have used bathroom like her mom said. Preschooler (Initiative vs. Guilt) Begins to initiate, not imitate, activities; develops conscience and sexual identity. The child becomes curious about people and models adults. If parents are understanding and supportive of a child’s efforts to show initiative, the child develops purpose, and sets goals and acts in ways to reach them. Example: In a movie I watched, there was a little child who was 5 years old, he tried to play locked door with key, when he explored that he could open the locked door with key by turning right side, at the second and third time, his aim was directly open the door and opening locked door became his purpose. School-Age Child (Industry vs.Inferiority) Children tries to develop a sense of self-worth by refining skills. It occurs during Latency, but Erickson did not think this was a rest period; the child begins school and must tame imagination and impulses, and please others. If adults support the child’s efforts, a sense of competence develops. Example: when children start to school, the aim is just to adapt to new environment and friends. But I can remember that my family was very interested in my homework and exams. At once, I got the highest grade in class and my family was so supportive about it.That was the first time that I taste success and I started have a feeling, I started to want to have the highest grade. The competency feeling was born in my deep inside. Adolescent (Identity vs. Role): Confusion tries integrating many roles (child, sibling, student, athlete, and worker) into a self-image under role model and peer pressure. Young adults attempt to develop identity and ideas about strengths, weaknesses, goals, occupations, sexual identity, and gender roles. Teens â€Å"try on† different identities, going through an identity crisis, and use their friends to reflect back to them.Example: I had a friend when I was at boarding school, there was a girl who is kind of rocker girl at first. After a while, she started to hang with extremely religious people and became a member and strong supporter of them. When these things were happened, she was eighteen years old and she had identity crisis. Young Adult (Intimacy vs. Isolation): individual learns to make personal commitment to another as spouse, parent or partner. Intimacy is the ability to be close, loving, and vulnerable with romances and friends.It is based in part upon identity development, in that you have to know yourself to share it. The virtue gained here is love. Failure to develop intimacy can lead to promiscuity (getting too close too quick and not sustaining it), or exclusion (rejecting relationships and those who have them) Example: I can give example from myself. This age is in the interval of university experience. There can be a lot of people who we fall in love or we can meet the right guy or maybe we can gain so many friends quickly and we cannot sustain it as we think.But our personality is developed now and we know ourselves. Middle-Age Adult (Generativity vs. Stagnation): Seeks satisfaction through productivity in career, family, and civic interests. If you have a strong sense of creativity, success, and of having â€Å"made a mark† you develop generativity, and are concerned with the next generation; the virtue is called care, and represents connection to generations to come, and a love given without expectations of a specific return Example: Maybe our family can be given as an example.My mother loves me without any condition and whatever I do I know that she will support me. And she always said that you are the most valuable creature I ever had. Older Adult (Integrity vs. Despair) Reviews life accomplishments, deals with loss and preparation for death. This entails facing the ending of life, and accepting successes and failures, ageing, and loss. People develop ego integrity and accept their lives if they succeed, and develop a sense of wisdom a â€Å"detached concern with life itself in the face of death itself. Those who do not feel a sense of despair and dread their death; it’s too late to change their lives. Example: My grandmother always said that everything is too late to change things for us when I visit her. She told me her mistakes, regrets, loss†¦She seems like that she is ready for death for any moment. She accepts everything she did in her life and thinks that she completed her mission. All these process which including Erickson’s developmental stages and Freud’s psychosexual stages help me understand about my whole developmental process. I think this me the best of knowing ourselves. Now I can mean some my actions or my friends’ actions logically and understand the real reason of behavior. I think that everybody should learn these stages for their good.References 1. Richard Niolan, Ph. D, Resources for students and Professors (www. psychpage. com) 2. David B. Stevenson ’96, Brown University 3. Psychology website: htm†www. psychology. about. com/library/bl_psychosocial_summary. htm How to cite Differences of Freud and Erikson’s Stages, Papers

Strategic Alternatives In Healthcare Organisations & Its Importance

Question: Describe about the Strategic Alternatives in Healthcare Organisations? Answer: Article 1: In the first article the strategic planning in the healthcare organisations and its importance are discussed. In the article it is presented that the strategic planning is one of the useful and valid tools that can guide each and every type of organisations. It is evident that the strategic planning can also be useful in the healthcare sector. It is stated in the article that the process of strategic planning is relevant depending upon the differentiation of the service that is provided, the complexity and the size of the unit (Rodrguez Perera Peir, 2012). Various departments in the healthcare sector like the electrophysiology, hemodynamic or the cardiology unit can work better if different strategies are implemented and the strategies must align with the plans at the higher levels. Here it can be said that the article can be very useful for the implementation of various strategies in the health care unit. Here the process of strategic planning is also discussed along with the effectiveness of the alternative strategy planning in the healthcare sector (Rodrguez Perera Peir, 2012). The article can help in gaining the insight to effectiveness of the strategic planning in the healthcare sector. In the article the drawbacks and some of the common errors in strategic planning are also mentioned. Article 2: In the second article the survival strategies for Michigans healthcare safety net providers are given. The main objective of the article is to understand the adaptive strategies of the underinsured or the uninsured population considered by the safety net organisation in Michigan. In the article a research has been conducted in order to estimate the estimated demand in the industry and the capacity of the organisations to meet with the demand. It is found in the article that the needs and demand are expanding faster than the capacity of the organisation and that can lead to threats to the health of the people. Thus various explicit business strategies are adopted in order to survive (Jacobson, Dalton, Berson-Grand Weisman, 2005). The article enlightens on the fact that alternative strategies and contingency plans are very important in order to reduce the risk of life threatening situation. It is known that in the healthcare sector, the disparity in the demand and supply can create major issue for the patients. Thus adaptive strategies are necessary in such situation for providing better service in the industry. It is also important to maintain the financial viability of the healthcare unit and in order to finance the resources, fundraising activities can be conducted and collaborative strategies can also be effective (Jacobson, Dalton, Berson-Grand Weisman, 2005). Article 3: In the third article, the practices and strategies in off-label marketing in the pharmaceutical industry is discussed. Here the whistleblower complaints are analysed in a retrospective nature. It is known that the off-label marketing of the pharmaceutical products is very common in the United States, despite the regulatory restrictions. But there is poor characterisation of the scope of the off-label marketing and thus alternative strategy must be implemented in order to increase the efficiency and effectiveness of the operations (Kesselheim, Mello Studdert, 2011). Some of the whistle blowing complaints and the fraud cases are mentioned in terms of the off-label marketing. Thus it is evident that such practices must not be used and alternative strategies can help in such situation. It is evident that off-label marketing schemes can effectively help in achieving the strategic goals but it can violate with the regulatory and ethical conformities. Thus alternative strategies must be implemented for achieving overall benefits of the organisation. Thus the information in the article can help in undertaking effective strategies in the present healthcare organisation (Kesselheim, Mello Studdert, 2011). Article 4: In the fourth article, an alternative health outcome paradigm is presented in terms of the goal-oriented patient care system. In the article, the aims and objectives of the CMS (Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services) are presented. The main aim of the institute is to lower the costs, provide services for the better health of the people and providing better care for the individuals. Thus the strategy that is applied by the organisation is patient centred. In the article it is cleared that the patients are the most important factor in the healthcare sector and the quality of the service that they receive should be the main focus of the companies. The needs values and preferences of the patients should be addressed first and that can help in achieving the overall goal of the organisation (Reuben Tinetti, 2012). This article can also be very useful as it enlightens on the importance of quality of healthcare system. It is also help in evaluating the strategic plans and the decision making that should be patient-centred (Reuben Tinetti, 2012). The principle can improve the quality of service in the healthcare unit and effective outcomes can be received in the healthcare unit if such strategies are implemented. Article 5: In the fifth article the strategic analysis of the healthcare service quality is discussed. Here the fuzzy AHP methodology is used in quality analysis of the healthcare service. It is known that the managers in the service sector must demonstrate that they provide customer-focused services. They also need to implement strategies that can lead to continuous improvement in the performance of the organisation. The organisations must measure and understand the expectations of the consumers and they need to provide the service accordingly. In the article an attempt has been conducted for measuring the quality of the service by using the SERVQUAL (Service Quality) methodology. Here the fuzzy AHP (Analytical Hierarchy Process) is also used for evaluating the framework of service quality (Bykzkan, ifi Gleryz, 2011). The article can be very helpful for the development of the decision making model and it can also help in strategic implementation in the healthcare sector. The article emphasises on certain factors like the reliability, professionalism, and empathy as they can improve the quality of the service. These can change the perception of the patients regarding the quality of the service and they can gain a better service (Bykzkan, ifi Gleryz, 2011). References Bykzkan, G., ifi, G., Gleryz, S. (2011). Strategic analysis of healthcare service quality using fuzzy AHP methodology.Expert Systems With Applications,38(8), 9407-9424. doi:10.1016/j.eswa.2011.01.103 Jacobson, P., Dalton, V., Berson-Grand, J., Weisman, C. (2005). Survival Strategies for Michigan's Health Care Safety Net Providers.Health Services Research,40(3), 923-940. doi:10.1111/j.1475-6773.2005.00392.x Kesselheim, A., Mello, M., Studdert, D. (2011). Strategies and Practices in Off-Label Marketing of Pharmaceuticals: A Retrospective Analysis of Whistleblower Complaints.Plos Med,8(4), e1000431. doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1000431 Reuben, D., Tinetti, M. (2012). Goal-Oriented Patient Care An Alternative Health Outcomes Paradigm.New England Journal Of Medicine,366(9), 777-779. doi:10.1056/nejmp1113631 Rodrguez Perera, F., Peir, M. (2012). Strategic Planning in Healthcare Organizations.Revista Espaola De Cardiologa (English Edition),65(8), 749-754. doi:10.1016/j.rec.2012.04.004

Domestic violence dangers mount with economic, seasonal pressures

Summary of the article The article, Domestic violence dangers mount with economic, seasonal pressures by Ortiz Elias reviews the effects of economic downturn on domestic violence since it propels seasonal pressures in the family. The author identifies financial conflict as a major cause of domestic violence especially during the cold season when cases of sexual abuse are reported as highest.Advertising We will write a custom article sample on Domestic violence dangers mount with economic, seasonal pressures specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The economic conflict is highest during cold weather since such families cannot afford proper shelter and may resort to sexual abuse to counter the cold weather. The author concludes that investment and consultative approach to economic conflicts may reduce domestic violence by a large proportion since these families will be in a position to afford better shelter (Ortiz, 2013). The dependent and independent variables The independent variable in this article is the economic stress-reduction intervention as a strategy for reducing domestic violence contributed by economic conflicts. The two dependent variables include cold weather and a measure of coping behaviors from sexual abuse. These variables are believed to be able to prompt the family to explore the experiences and meanings of stress and stress management. Theory and significance Significant changes in the family’s normal stress levels may occur due to intervention and practice. A life crisis might escalate the stress response and negate the intervention effect. Conversely, crisis resolution might reduce the response to stress. As proposed by the ‘loss of control’ theory, the family must take a leading role in reduction and prevention of domestic violence. It is through this approach that a better understanding of the sequel of domestic violence can be obtained including coping strategies and stre ss management efficacy. The ‘loss of control’ theory is more significant than the ‘learned helplessness’ theory since it recognizes the cognitive element in the intervention and control mechanisms when handling cases of sexual abuse as a result of domestic violence. Besides, this theory focuses on empowerment in the family unit to create harmony. Empowerment focuses on social, economic, and spiritual strength of the individual who may be the victim or perpetrator of domestic violence. As a matter of fact, empowerment is a vast concept that should not be concentrated upon women affairs since the victim and the perpetrator should be reading from the same page.Advertising Looking for article on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Analysis As suggested by the article, addressing feminine issues in domestic violence surrounding feminist theorist should be complete and reflective of the roles a nd acculturation as adopted by the society expected to embrace gender equality to minimize domestic violence. For such reason, supportive intervention should be provided to vulnerable and marginalized women in order to address their needs. Through application of informative learning, women and men are put in a position to understand and appropriate the need for stress management (Ortiz, 2013). Through this, it is relatively possible to control violence in the family unit and manage the process without having to create conflict in the intervention mechanisms. Empowering women and gender equality are vital to the attainment of minimal cases of domestic violence since they are always the victim in most instances. Therefore, policies which fail to address gender inequality also fail to support women to enhance important development activities in their societies. As a matter of fact, resolution for this financial problem should be in the form of measures adopted to promote and empower bo th women and men. Some have criticized the idea of empowering women alone since it contributes to gender inequality instead of promoting equality (Ortiz, 2013). Conclusion This article has successfully addressed the financial reasons for occurrence of domestic violence in the modern society. However, the article is not convincing enough on how domestic violence is related to changing seasons. Reference Ortiz, E. (2013). Domestic violence dangers mount with economic, seasonal pressures Web. This article on Domestic violence dangers mount with economic, seasonal pressures was written and submitted by user Ben Reilly to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Nuclear Warfare essays

Nuclear Warfare essays The effects caused by a nuclear power accident, on the scale of the April 26, 1986 Chernobyl accident, must override any inclination to side with advocates for nuclear power. Surely we have all heard the expression Im only human. If we are indeed only human, and consequently prone to error, we could never perfectly manage and contain an energy as potentially destructive as that of nuclear power, without the possibility of a nuclear accident. Furthermore, the wastes generated by nuclear power, when inadvertently released during a nuclear power accident, have been proven to cause malignant diseases and premature death to those who come into contact with them. Additionally, the vegetation threat we rely on for survival is severely affected when radioactive elements are released into the air and water supply during a nuclear accident. Most alarming, however, is the fact that the general public is vastly unaware of its governments use of nuclear waste in the development of nuclear weapon. Most of us can remember the bombing of Iwo Jima and the effects the bomb had on the lives of the millions of Japanese that lived within a twenty mile radius of the city. We can see what happened to the second generation: children born with severe informities such as sixteen fingers and three arms; children born with cancer; and children with mental and physical handicaps. The radiation of a bomb doesnt always cause instant death, but it is a lingering experience. Japanese people, thought to be healthy, got cancer in later life, and had dis-formed children. Consequently, we must not be swayed by advocates urging us to further develop and expand nuclear power. We must, instead, examine the larger picture; the risks associated with this potentially devastating power. The potential for human error causing a nuclear accident can be ascertained by considering the causes and effects o...

Still-Life Photography Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Still-Life Photography - Assignment Example rounds such as a simple painted wall or a huge sheet of colored or white paper depicting two wedding rings is a perfect example of a shot that highlights subtle ways to enhance the grandeur of keeping things simple. Sometimes contrasting backgrounds with mild tones also influence shades for a lasting output. Tiny objects don’t require a backdrop as much as they need a surface for placing the items for creating an ideal look. In most cases, black velvet is mostly preferred as it is well known to absorb enormous light and turns the surface into a solid black. When it boils down to lighting, not many of us can look at having studio lights for creating that effect which is highly expensive. It is possible to choose lighting within budget and utilize it to the maximum effect to create a perfect impression. I have also sensed that by blocking out the natural light from my room using curtains has enabled in gaining absolute control over my subject. Dim or bright lamps can work wonders for creating a standard and effective output. Back lighting creates an enormous depth to the shot and adds substantial interest to the subject much more than front or side lighting. A combination of rays from natural light and that of the lamp draws a visual appeal with far-reaching and astonishingly positive

The Patriot (analysis of the film) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Patriot (analysis of the film) - Essay Example The Patriot The American Freedom struggle has been the subject of many Hollywood movies. Roland Emmerich's 'The Patriot', released in 2000 was an epic film which created a stir worldwide.The film was released as a novel by Stephen Molstad in the same year. Mel Gibson won various acclaims for portraying the role of Benjamin Martin realistically. The plot of the film revolves around an ex war veteran who had fought for the French Government. A successful farmer and a father with seven children Benjamin Martin is shown as a man with principles, who has lost his belief in war. He is a neutral who does not support either the colonists or the crown. He simply says â€Å"I'm a parent. I haven't got the luxury of principles†. But war pulls him into action. Revenge as Motive Benjamin's plantation is targeted by the British armies. They kill one of his sons and take another as captive, burning his property and committing various atrocities just for helping some injured soldiers. Benjami n rescues his son with the help of his other children and starts working in favour of the colonists winning the war for them, though he suffers some personal losses from his side. The death of his beloved son and his loyal servants deeply scars Benjamin. He comes across various atrocities committed by the British army in the US to bring down the resistance. For example, we can mention the burning of his daughter in-laws village church along with all its citizens. The vengeance against the British army is portrayed in several places in the film. Gabriel his elder son is killed by Tavington. Leono Rippy, one of Martin’s confederate’s family members are burned down causing his suicide. Tcheky Karyo Martin’s second command-in line describes how both his daughters were burnt to death by the British people. These experiences turn him into a vengeneful man making revenge the main plot of the film. In a particular scene Benjamin and his colleague visits a filthy restaur ant to enlist soldiers for fighting in the American army. Nobody is particularly interested. But, once they say praise the British crown, everybody in the area starts attacking them with pitchfork, knives and rods. The hatred for the Europeans among the Americans is shown comically in this scene. Facts shown in the film Certain facts shown in the film are true while others are completely imaginative. The facts shown about the final battle of the film combined the incidents which took place in the Battles of Cowpens and Guilford court house. The facts are shown from the perspective of the American people rather than from the perspective of the British soldiers. In fact, they are depicted as monsters in most of the film undermining some major victories they achieved in the war. The film creates a rosy world where the good triumphs over the evil because the hero sacrifices his personal benefits and puts the nation in front of him. The Benjamin Martin Character is a combination of vario us real life war heroes like Joseph Plumb Martin and Francis Marion. Francis Marion known as the Swamp Fox is considered as one of the major soldiers behind the guerrilla attacks which were largely responsible for defeating the British Army during the American freedom fight. The war strategies of Benjamin Martin resemble the way Francis Marion fought. The Guerrilla groups always targeted the head of small platoons first. They were able to imprison the confused and leaderless soldiers much easily once the in-charge was captured. Benjamin's character is shown having a similar lifestyle and education to Joseph Plumb Martin. He belongs to a wealthy family, knows how to read and write and lived as a farmer for most of his life. The Benjamin Martin character's children were also named after original Martin's children as Nathan, Thomas and Susan. One major difference between the Joseph Plumb Martin and Benjamin Martin is that, Joseph volunteered in the American Freedom fight as a youngster and

Homeopathic Medicine Aconitum Napellus for Anxiety Treatment

Homeopathic Medicine Aconitum Napellus for Anxiety Treatment Assessment of homeopathic medicine Aconitum napellus in the treatment of anxiety in an animal model Gabriele Baptista Haine, Samarah Hamidi El Ghandour, Sà ¢mia Ahmad El, Ghandour, Andersom and Ricardo Frà ©z Aim: To assess the action of homeopathically prepared Aconitum napellus in a 6CH, 12CH and 30CH potencies in the treatment of generalized anxiety in an experimental model using rats. Methodolgy: 48 adult Wistar rats (Rattus rattus) ranging from two to three months old were divided randomly into six groups. Each group received its corresponding treatment daily for 10 consecutive days: 1) control (diazepam 1 mg/kg/day); 2) negative control (0.15 mL saline solution/day); 3) ACH6 (0.15 mL Acon (6CH/day); 4) ACH12 (0.15 mL Acon 12CH/day); 5) ACH30 (0.15 mL Acon 30CH/day); and 6) ALC30 (0.15 mL 30% cereal alcohol/day). The same person at the same time each day administered respective treatments by a gastric tube. Behavioural effects were blindly and randomly assessed one hour after treatment on the 10th day. Animals were subjected only once to each pharmacological model; an elevated plus maze (EPM) and open field test. Elevated plus maze EPM is a commonly employed anxiety model because it is based on two conflicting tendencies: 1) the ability of rodents to explore new environments and 2) their aversion to high and open places. EPM is comprised of two closed arms perpendicular to two open arms. The closed arms are so named because they have a lateral and an end wall, whereas the open arms have no walls. Anxiety is measured by the total rate of exploration of open arms, thus, increase of the permanence time and number of entries in the open arms is considered an index of anxiolytic action of drugs. The animals were individually tested and conditions remained consistent. Each rat was filmed for five minutes and the data was recorded by software PlusMZ. Open field Rats are placed in a previously unknown sand square divided in smaller squares that allow assessing the exploratory activity of animals to observe their locomotor activity. Each rat was filmed for five minutes and the data was recorded by software OpenFLD. This test assessed the number of crossed squares. Results: Acon in potencies 12CH and 30CH exhibited possible anxiolytic effects on the central nervous system (CNS) since they increased the number of entries in the EPM open arms (12CH and 30CH) and the permanence time in the EPM open arms (30CH only). In the open field test the homeopathic preparations did not show effects on the locomotor system of rats. EPM results Treatment with Acon induced anxiolytic effect, but did not exhibit linear progression according to ascending potencies. The number of entries in the open arms increased with dilutions 12cH and 30cH compared to the control (Figure 1). The animals treated with dilution 12cH also exhibited higher permanence time in the open arms (Figure 2). Figure 1 – % entry in EMP open arms. Significant values: *p Figure 2 – % permanence time in EMP open arms. Significant values: *p A complementary parameter used to evaluate whether the response of the rats indicates anxiolytic effects of the investigated treatments is the number of entries in the closed arms . In this study, it exhibited significant difference in the groups treated with Acon 12CH and 30CH and the positive control diazepam (Figure 3). These results suggest that the anxiolytic effect did not interfere with the mobility of the animals in the EPM. Figure 3 – % entry in EMP closed arms. Significant values: *p Open field test results Treatment with Acon did not show any change of the locomotion of the rats compared with both saline solution and diazepam controls (Figure 4). Figure 4 – Number of squares crossed by animals in open field during five-minute observation Conclusion: Potencies 12CH and 30CH of Acon exhibited anxiolytic effects on the CNS in an animal experimental model without affecting motor coordination. Discussion: Anxiety is an emotional state comprising of psychological and physiological components. Measurable parameters that can be used to assess the treatment of anxiety is limited in rats because rats cannot communicate feelings of apprehensive anticipation, insecurity, fear or the flood of thoughts that accompany anxiety. Testing physiological components of anxiety such as increased arterial blood pressure, increased breathing rate and increased heart rate would also prove to be very challenging. It could also be argued that anxiety in rats cannot be compared to the complexities of human anxiety and that although the tests yielded positive results in rats it’s not enough to validate its application in human beings. However, being rats they cannot be subjected to bias treatment. Rats also behave in a similar way and their reactions and behavioural patterns are more predictable therefore yielding more consistent and reliable results. They are also able to be kept in highly controlled environments where they are unaffected by outside influences that could have an effect on their anxiety levels. EMP and open field tests are acceptable and valid pharmacological models used to measure anxiety in rats, therefore their application to homeopathy and the positive results yielded should contribute towards evidenced based medicine for homoeopathy. Article 2 Effect of Gelsemium 5CH and 15CH on anticipatory anxiety: a phase III, single-centre, randomized, placebo-controlled study Adeline Paris, Sophie Schmidlin, Sandrine Mouret, Enkelejda Hodaj, Philippe Marijnen, Naoual Boujedaini, Mircea Polosan, Jean-Luc Cracowski Aim: To evaluate the effectiveness of Gelsemium 5CH and 15CH on provoked anxiety in healthy volunteers, in comparison with placebo. Methodology: A double-blind, single-centre, randomized, placebo-controlled study was conducted. 180 eligible volunteers from both sexes aged 18 to 40 years with no history of psychiatric disorders were included in the study. Participants were distributed homogenously into 3 groups and randomly allocated to receive Gelsemium 5CH or 15CH or placebo. During the study participants took five doses of globules: a morning and an evening dose on the 2 days preceding the study and the last dose on the morning of the study. Performance of a Stroop colour word test (SCWT) was used to provoke anxiety. The main criterion used to quantify anxiety was the State measure of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-S). The STAI is a questionnaire widely used in clinical practice and clinical research; it consists of 2 parts of 20 questions each and takes about 15–20 minutes to complete. An anxiety visual analogical scale (VAS) was used as secondary outcome criterion. VAS is an auto- evaluation s cale composed of three sub-scores: self- confidence, cognitive anxiety and somatic anxiety. The Trait part of State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-T) was also measured and performed a continuous recording of arterial pressure, heart rate and respiratory rate. In the days preceding the study it was checked with the volunteers that they did not experience any stressful events. On the fifth morning before the main study visit participants were asked to complete the STAI-S, STAI-T, EEAC forms and VAS scale, whilst in the comfort of their own homes in calm surroundings. These measures were used as the baseline data. Results: There was no statistical difference between the groups for the values of STAI-S at baseline. No statistical difference was observed between the groups for the evaluation of the anxiety by VAS. Conclusion: Gelsemium 5CH and 15CH had no effect on anticipatory anxiety in the conditions used in this study, whatever the judgement criteria used. Discussion: There were many noticeable flaws in the study. Homeopathic principles for prescribing were completely ignored. There was a gross misunderstanding how homeopathy works; it seems homeopathy was applied with the expectation of a physiological effect. There was also a misunderstanding for the indication of the remedy. Gelsemium is indicated for anticipatory anxiety, the test was set up in a way that actually tested acute, provoked anxiety, whereas anxiety leading up to the test pertains more to the indication of the remedy. Participants who had no history of psychiatric disorders were included in the study; the study would’ve been better suited to individuals with a long history of anticipatory anxiety. The study should’ve been set up in a way where participants were told they were going to have to perform a test and anxiety levels leading up to that event should’ve been measured. I believe the potencies used, which act more on a physical plane, is also a noticeable flaw. Anticipatory anxiety is a mental condition with physiological components, higher potencies which have an action on the mental and physical plane should have been administered. More importantly inclusion into the study should have been set up to promote Similimum prescribing; a questionnaire that listed indications of the remedy should’ve been used to match participants for suitability. Because the study doesn’t follow homeopathy principles and there seems to be a general misunderstanding of how homeopathy works I don’t believe this article can contribute to evidence based medicine for homeopathy.

Chinese peasant and Communism DBQ Essay

Between circa 1925 and circa 1950, the relations between the Chinese peasants and the Chinese Communist Party became out of hand due to the peasant rebellions/uprising groups present, the tension between Japan and the communist party, and most notable the mass reform during this time period. In 1927 the rising leader of the Chinese Communist party was acknowledging that soon the upsurge of peasant rebellion was soon, and that will soon rise up and overpower the wealthy landowning class. (DOC 1). In 1941 a Japanese official report had noted that due to extreme similarities between the peasants and local communist guerrilla unit. These similarities would’ve made it hard from a commoner point of view to distinguish between the two groups, and allowing the rebels to remain hidden easier. (DOC 3). William Hinton of the Chinese Communist Land reform reported that in 1948, the arming of the peasants to fight Japan had a substantial effect. Arming of the peasants gave them a trouble-free way to rise up and make the landlords pay for their abuse and make them repay the overcharges and restore land to proper owners. (DOC 6). As the peasants where preoccupied in their uprising the Communist party struggled to attract the peasant population to their side in fighting Japan. An Additional document that may help strengthen this argument would be a journal from a noble in a city or town close to the heart of China where the uprisings where present. As Communist China strived to attract the peasant majority to fight against China it brought quite a lot of tension throughout the state. The attraction began in 1942 with a report from the Communist Central Committee implying that the peasants contribute to the basic strength of the Anti-Japanese War. That they must improve life for the peasants and grant more rights if they even wish to have them voluntarily fight for them.(DOC 5). A report was released in 1942 that gave descriptions of the result of Japanese attack on Chinese soil. Most of the statistics used in the report may have been false in the communists endeavor to gain the peasant population.(DOC 4). However in  the communists pursuit they had persuaded some people of the peasant community. A conversation between a teenage peasant and his grandfather explained some of the goods that communism had brought to the Chinese. From the grandfather’s point of view, Communism had brought nothing but greatness to the Chinese state, but at the time period such claims would often be argued, thus building tension.(DOC 2). With the prevalent tension and the armed peasants it led to a mass reform during this period. An Addition document that may help in this would most definitely be a journal from a pro Communism and anti Communism to see the variety of views on the group. With the uprisings become stronger, and tensions building greater it led to a massive reform across the state. The reforms began first in 1948 with the arming of the peasants in China to fight against Japan, with the peasants armed it had prompted rebellion against the landlords taking the power from them and taking back what was originally theirs. (DOC 6). With the picture of the peasant sticking their tongue out to the landlord shows how the power has shifted quite massively. The fact that struggle meetings where organized in the land reform process quite well shows that the peasants have the power now.(DOC 9). In the same year of 1950, along with change of power there was also a change in life for women, and rights for them. There was establishment of a democratic marriage system prompted equal rights to women and freedom for whom they partner with.(DOC 8). Prior to the new marriage system and land reform it was prompted by the abolishment of the landlord class, and a peasant land ownership was established. Giving the peasants more freedom in their lives, then leading to the equal rights for woman and marriage.(DOC 7). With all the various reforms during this time the peasants point of view must be confident in their abilities how they have essentially rose to the top. I feel another good document to support my claims would simply be a report from a Communist general on his views of the massive reform the peasants had ignited. Throughout circa 1925 and circa 1950 across the Chinese Civil War and Anti-Japanese war the relations between the peasants of China and the Communist party grew out of hand. Due to the increasing of peasants uprising and rebellions, in addition to the tension built between the anti Communism  and pro Communism peasants, and to finish the mass amounts of reform occurring during the era.

Cambodian Sex Trade

To the untrained eye, Cambodia is an exotic vacation destination with ancient cities, bold colors, legendary temples and remarkable beauty. What you don’t see is the horrendous crimes that are going on behind closed doors. Inside the world of Cambodian child sex trafficking, each year, by some estimates, hundreds of thousands of girls and boys are bought, sold or kidnapped and then forced to have sex with grown men. MSNBC news) Human trafficking or modern-day slavery is the fastest growing criminal industry in the world; and in my opinion, least discussed and prevented. Specifically the child sex trade is an epidemic not recognized by Americans nearly enough. Unborn children in South Korea are being sold by their pregnant mothers over the internet. What happens to these children after they are sold is unknown. They can be sold to people who are looking to adopt but having a hard time being approved, or more likely circumstances, they end up in a darker place; the human sex trafficking world. The illegal sale of children makes up more than half of all the cases of human trafficking around the world, according to recent estimates. (Al-Jazeera/News Europe) Traditionally it has involved the exploitation of children in poorer nations, like Cambodia, Vietnam and India but there are findings of more and more cases amongst developed countries such as America. There are countless exploited children that are unaccounted for around the world; Argentina’s child-snatching plague, Turkey’s severely high number of missing children, which has increased annually, Sri Lanka’s children being taken from their homes to be â€Å"child soldiers†, South Korean selling of babies, Bangladesh’s child brides who are sold by their families and taken away by their dramatically elder â€Å"husbands† and never heard of again to list a few. Twenty years ago the United Nations adopted the Convention of the Rights of the Child. The CRC or UNCRC, it sets out the civil, political, economic, social and cultural rights of children. As of December 2008, 193 signatories had ratified it, including every member of the UN except the U. S. and Somalia. The treaty restricts the involvement of children in military conflicts and prohibits the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography. The UNCRC has been used as a blueprint for child protection legislation around the world. But, as you can see, the treaty's promise to protect children has not always been kept. After watching an Al Jazeera News broadcasting, in an interview with a woman who would know better than anyone about exploited children around the world; Lisa Laumann from Save the Children Charity stated â€Å"Intergovernmental organizations like the United Nations provide the framework around which governments can come together to agree on what good practice is and how governments should behave legally on behalf of their citizens, but it's up to the governments themselves to draft that legislation, develop the systems and institutions that guarantee those rights. (Lisa Laumann, from Save the Children charity, Al Jazeera Interview) Laumann also goes on to state, â€Å"There also has to be an effort made to help communities, families and children themselves, to understand what rights mean for them and how they can support them. † (Lisa Laumann) I feel so strongly more effort needs to be put forth, and that something needs to be done soon about this epidemic that is given a bl ind eye. People need to be educated about what is going on not only in the world, but right here in America. Despite what Americans bialy choose to ignore; it’s going on in Connecticut, and quite possibly New Haven as we speak. When you walk by the missing children ads and see all of those young girls’ (and boys) faces, they may not have run away from home, maybe they were forcefully taken, and being forced into child prostitution. Or, another scenario, maybe they did run away from home, got into a little trouble as a misguided young female, and are in a lifestyle they are having difficulty getting out of. These are instances more common than you would think. Sex-tourism, or travel to engage in sexual intercourse or sexual activity with prostitutes, typically undertaken internationally by tourists from wealthier countries has become a multibillion-dollar industry. But the business is not all about adult prostitution. There are some places you might have never heard about, notorious places, the kind of places a sexual predator would be willing to travel halfway around the world to reach -destinations like a dusty village in Southeast Asia, where the prey is plentiful and easy to stalk. My focus for this paper will be on Cambodia. This country has the highest amount statistically reported of children in the child sex trade, in an interview with Chris Hansen of Dateline NBC, with Mu Soc Hua, Cambodia’s minister of women's affairs, Hua states that there is a staggering number of â€Å"†¦around 30,000 girls in the sex-trade industry, and although Cambodia has a lot of problems, I rank sexual trade, sexual exploitation of our children as top — on the top of my list. I’ve also chosen Cambodia because of a separate interview/documentary I’ve watched where an accredited news channel, Dateline NBC goes undercover with a human rights group to expose the sex trafficking in Cambodia, and they actually follow through with a dramatic operation to rescue the children, and take the measures to have the â€Å"pimps† or men and women that run these brothels arrested along with an American doctor who is purchasing these girls for sex to be pro secuted. I’d like to discuss both aspects of this crime, the seller and the buyer. Many, if not most of the men buying these exploited girls in Cambodia are Americans- thinking that they're involved in nothing more than prostitution, but by any definition it is rape. (Dateline NBC news) Prostitution in Cambodia is illegal, but finding a girlfriend for the night at a nightclub could be as simple as a few words, a few dollars, and a stroll out the door. The producers and investigators of NBC begin their journey inside this dark world, across from what looks like a local cafe, but really a brothel. You see many deceiving brothels that to the untrained eye, appear to be cafes, clubs or gated storefronts along the streets of the rundown village Svay Pak, on the outskirts of the Cambodian capital Phnom Penh. Svay Pak is notorious for child trafficking, and it only takes a few minutes for a pimp to approach the undercover reporters. The pimp turns out to be a fifteen-year-old boy who tells the reporters he's grown up in the village and even introduces his mother – who knows exactly what he's up to and takes a cut of the money he brings in. Po tells the reporters he can get them girls who are even younger than the ones they’ve seen thus far in the trip. And despite all they’ve seen, they’re stunned at just how young he says they are – 8-year-olds. It's hard to believe, and even harder to stomach. The dimension of a fifteen-year-old boy promoting the sales of possibly his sisters or cousins is confusing. He is doing the selling of a girl who is the same age as he, and could be in his school class. Is there a connection between male and female status and does gender play a role, or hold a higher status in relation to trafficking is something I will be looking into further in this paper. ) He brings them through some alleys to a ramshackle house so they can see for themselves. The dirty faces of the girls are seen through the shadows on the documentary, and little-girls-shoes litter the house. The house is guarded by men and women, heavily armed with guns, clearly visible when the producers walk in. In the documentary, all of the natives, children and adults alike know a little English. When they talk about sex, they use simple child-like terms anyone can understand. â€Å"Yum-yum† means oral sex. â€Å"Boom-boom† means intercourse. They meet dozens of children at the various brothels they enter. One girl that really caught my attention throughout the documentary was a girl that said she's nine, accompanied by another who says she's ten. Both say they know how to perform oral sex. And they even tell the reporters how much it will cost: sixty-dollars for two girls. A pimp says,† If two girls aren't enough, how about three? (Dateline NBC news) It is repulsive, and a grim reality the thought of what is done to these innocent, young girls when it isn’t undercover American producers doing the buying. And the sad thing is that there would’ve been no future for these girls if the producers of NBC along with Bob Mosier, the International Justice Mission’s chief investigator hadn’t stepped in. In figuring out as to why these gi rls are being sold or taken from their families in the first place, I’m taking a look at what status the male and female roles hold in a family. For example, in Japan it is preferred by parents to have a son over a daughter because of the one baby law, only allowing one child to a household. This means, it’s more desirable to have a son to carry on the family name and get an education, opposed to a daughter who marries off. In Cambodia, females tend to be talked about as being â€Å"relatively equal† to men, though with little discussion of how this equality is related to the larger picture of hierarchical social organization. Judy Ledgerwood 120) However, gender is only one of a range of factors that influences where a person is ranked in Khmer society. On the one hand daughters are suppose to be protected, on the other, a teenage daughter might bicycle daily to the city to sell vegetables to help support the family; or a young woman might move into the city to work in a garment factory. Orphans and widows must live with little or no male supervision, because there are no surviving family members. This can caus e their neighbors to â€Å"look down on them,† they lose status in society because they have no men to protect them. Women in Cambodia today must undertake all sorts of employment that involve being in office, factory or other situations alone with men. These kinds of circumstances lead to accusations regarding the virtue of individual women and to the general idea that â€Å"women just don't have the value that they used to. † What is of critical importance to Khmer women during the interviews done by Judy Ledgerwood, was their concerns, it was not their particular concern with social status or gender ideals, but hard economic realities and the difficulties that they face trying to feed their families. An explanation of this, as to why these children are being sold into sex is because of the lack of funds and resources their families are facing. In many cases, poverty is to blame for making worse the plight of the most vulnerable. Cambodia is still suffering from a traumatic past. In the 1970s and ’80s, an estimated 2 million Cambodians died because of war, famine and a brutal dictatorship. During the Khmer Rouge period, 1975-1979, people died of starvation and disease as well as from execution. More women than men survived the traumas of this period. Women are better able to survive conditions of severe malnutrition, fewer women were targeted for execution because of connections to the old regime, and fewer women were killed in battles. Many women told Ledgerwood that they survived those years of horror because they had to care for their children (Ebihara and Ledgerwood page 143). During the 1980s and early 90s, men continued to be drained off from society to go to serve as soldiers. This was particularly evident in rural areas where one could enter a village and find no men between the ages of about 15 and 50. Many men were killed or disabled; others might still have been alive but were off with their military units, with resistance factions at the border, or hiding from conscription. This may add to the bigger picture as to why men are exploiting children for money. The poverty plays a large role, all they have to offer are their children, and being disabled, there isn’t much work physically possible. Also, the return of the men reflects the extremely high birth rate during the 1980s and 90s, 2. 5 to 3 percent annually, meaning more children to sell. A child's tragic journey into the sex trade often begins in a family struggling for survival. This is a country where the average income is less than $300 a year. (Hanlen 323) Most children are sold by their own parents. Others are lured by what they think are legitimate job offers like waitressing, but then are forced into prostitution. It’s become clear that Cambodian parents don’t have enough money to feed eight children in a family, so selling two of them could get them a (measly to us) one-hundred U. S. dollars. Or, for example, during the ocumentary broadcasted on NBC, a female pimp by the name Madam Lang tells undercover reporters (with undercover cameras, on tape) that â€Å"her† virgins go for six-hundred-dollars, as if the virgin part is an extra attraction, and for that price she says they can take a girl back to the hotel and keep her there for up to three days. When she brings out the girl, the 15-year-old native looks paralyzed with fear. It is hard to prevent the exploitation of children in this country not only because it takes a caring parent, but because it takes a caring community. The people are governed by money and it’s hard for them to turn it down and put morals before reality. Even the police of the village are in on the illegal activity occurring. In one of the videos, a police officer requests one-hundred-fifty dollars from the NBC producers posing as sex tourists, as a pay-off for insurance that the tourists wouldn’t get arrested by Cambodian officials. One-hundred-fifty dollars is the equivalent of five months pay for a Cambodian Officer. (Hanlen 325) The Cambodian Police have set up a unit to deal with sex trafficking, but have yet to be proactive in dealing with the issue. There are no guarantees in real justice because many of the cops are in the pimps’ pockets. While it's good to prosecute the people who sell children for sex, if you want to solve the problem; you also have to go after the tourists who buy them. But who is going to confront these sex tourists? It’s difficult to say with the corrupt Cambodian legal system. As far as the documentary goes, in the end, at least seven of the suspects seen on tape, including a man who supplied little girls for a sex party, were recently found guilty by a Cambodian judge and sentenced to up to fifteen years in prison. In months following, Madam Lang, the woman who offered virgins for six-hundred-dollars, was also convicted and sentenced to 20 years behind bars. That's believed to be the longest sentence of its kind ever in Cambodia. (NBC) There are a many people fighting for these oppressed girls, but little change has been noted because the education of human trafficking is so sparse. Efforts from people that I would like to note are the International Justice Mission, a Faith-based human rights group specializing in victims of sex trafficking and bonded labor who have been working in Cambodia for the last six years. IJM web, NBC) Also, Acting for Women in Distressing Circumstances (AFESIP), an advocacy group for children and adolescents at risk that runs a group home in Cambodia for victims of sex trafficking. (AFESIP web, NBC) The United Nations Children Fund (UNICEF), â€Å"Child Protection† section discusses the problem of trafficking in children, and donates money for this cause. (UNIC EF web, NBC) When you see the UNICEF boxes come around in the fall on Halloween, donate whatever change you have because now you know where that change is going and it is making a difference in someone’s life across the world. The Cambodian League for the Promotion and Defense of Civil Rights (LICADHO) is a Cambodian group that advocates for human rights, focusing on women and children in Cambodia, who provide (limited) shelters, with limited funds for battered women and children. (LICADHO web, NBC) Not to forget ECPAT International, an international child advocacy group focusing on the problems of child prostitution, child pornography and trafficking of children for sex, and educating people on these issues. ECPAT International web) And lastly, The Protection Project, the Human rights law research institute at John Hopkins School of Advanced International Studies (SAIS), Washington, D. C. , who conduct studies around the world in countries with high rates of human trafficking, report their findings, enact laws, educate the people in harm’s way, and people around the world on preventative measures and serve as an advocate. (The Protection Project web, NBC) Although the groups listed above are fighti ng for these girls, the reality is, is that not many get out of their oppressors’ hands. For the girls that do escape the places where they lost so much, and hopefully never to return, the road to recovery is a long one; but their darkest days are behind them. The treatment of Sexually Transmitted Diseases along with the rehabilitation physically, mentally, and emotionally of these girls has just begun. In standard procedure, girls are brought to a safe house for a few days. Then they are placed in group homes: one for the younger girls and one for teens, and in the case of the NBC Documentary, their group homes were run by the charity AFESIP (noted above). The director of AFESIP, Pierre Legros, stated, â€Å"Getting the girls out of the brothels is tough, but keeping them in the group home is even tougher. † He estimated that on average 40 percent of the rescued girls return to a life of prostitution. (AEFSIP) That is disheartening, but all hope cannot be lost, these children need help. It'll take years to overcome the extreme poverty and widespread corruption that cause the child sex trade to flourish, but I see the current wave of prosecutions as a step forward for this country and its people. That's why there is hope and we have to continue to fight. Prosecution is the key word, the message has to be very strong and forget about prosecuting the big fish, prosecuting everybody who is involved in it, I think, will be most effective. If we all as human beings come together internationally and take this up as a global issue, I think there could be a change not only for the children of Cambodia, but missing and exploited children around the world, even in our own country. America has been busy fighting a one-sided war in Iraq since 2001 with nothing to show but casualties on both sides. No â€Å"weapons of mass destruction† were ever found and yet our troops are still there. I think that where our funds and efforts really needed to be are on the frontlines fighting for the children of our future. Works Cited Dateline NBC News â€Å"Children For Sale† Jan 9 2005. NBC News. Al Jazeera/ News Europe â€Å"Child Sex Trade Soars in Cambodia† October 2008. Al Jazeera News. < http://english. aljazeera. net/news/asia-pacific/2008/10/2008102110195471467. html> Cambodia Development Resource Institute (CDRI) 2002 Economy Watch – Domestic Performance, Cambodian Development Review 6(2):14. 2001 Policy Brief, Land Ownership, Sales and Concentration in Cambodia, March. 001 The Garment Industry, Cambodia Development Review 5(3):1-4. 2000 Prospects for the Cambodian Economy, Cambodian Development Review 4(1):8-10. Judy Ledgerwood, Meaghan Ebihara 2002 Hun Sen and the Genocide Trials in Cambodia: International Impacts, Impunity and Justice. IN Cambodia Emerges from the Past. Steve Heder, ed. , DeKalb, IL: Center for Southeast Asian Studies, Northern Il linois University, pp. 106 – 223. Hanlen, Marcus. â€Å"Police Pay of Underdeveloped countries. † Police Information and Statistics of the World (2007): 323-325. Web. 12 Dec 2009. Dateline NBC news â€Å"IJM Operation Frees Families from Slavery† Jan 2005. NBC news.

The Effects of Stereotyping and Prejudice in Crime

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